Two Studies of Paired Approaches

نویسندگان

  • Amy Pritchett
  • Steve Landry
چکیده

At airports with closely-spaced parallel runways, the inability to conduct simultaneous approaches in all weather conditions is a cause of significant delay. One concept for reducing delay is paired approaches, where two airc raft on closely spaced approaches are ‘paired’, and the ‘trail’ aircraft stays within a safe zone relative to the ‘lead’. This positioning guarantees that neither aircraft risks loss of separation and that neither aircraft will be affected by the other’s wake. This operation is being investigated through two studies. The first documents how the safe zone may be calculated and explores its size, location and movement in response to operational factors. The second study is a piloted simulator evaluation of cockpit display and procedural issues . INTRODUCTION At airports with closely-spaced parallel runways (i.e. spaced less than 2500 feet apart), the inability to conduct simultaneous approaches is a cause of significant delay. Because the ceiling and visibility required for visual approaches are typically quite high, the weather does not need to be very bad to demand single runway operations. One concept for reducing delay is paired approaches, where two aircraft on closely spaced parallel approaches are ‘paired’, and the ‘trail’ aircraft maintains position within a safe zone relative to the ‘lead’ aircraft. As shown schematically in Figure 1, such a position guarantees that neither aircraft will be in danger of loss of separation should the other depart its approach path, and that neither aircraft will be affected by the other’s wake. This approach is novel for several reasons: it is preventive in nature, in that it spaces the aircraft so that separation is guaranteed, rather than reacting to intrusions; it provides trail aircraft with the assurance that they will be safe if they do not execute an avoidance maneuver in the face of a blunder; it requires the trail aircraft to maintain a position relative to the lead aircraft, adding a new task to the pilots’ approach duties; and it requires the trail aircraft to be in front of, rather than behind, the lead aircraft’s wake, putting the aircraft closer together than any other current airborne civilian operation. Several studies have examined paired approaches, suggesting possible procedures, methods of calculating the safe zone, and a simulator assessment of cockpit traffic displays. ) ( aircraft Trail future t ) ( aircraft Lead current t

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تاریخ انتشار 2001